Stereotype-plate-making machine



STEREOTYPE yPLATE? MAKING MACHINE Filed sept. 5. 1920 9 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR 4 ATTORNEY Nov. 11 192.4. 1,514,745'

` J. J. WAI-SER `STEREOTYPE PLATE MAKING MACHINE Filed Sept. 5, 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Eig Nav. 11, 192.4.

J. J. WALSER STEREOTYPE PLATE MAKING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 5, 1920 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Nov. 1l ,v 1924. 1,514,745

J. J. WALSER STEREOTYPE .PLATE MAKING MACHIE Filed sept. s, 1920 V 9 sheets-sheet 4 NVENTOR w M BY I Nov. '11 1924. Ljf

\ J. J. WALSER slTEaEoTYPE 'PLATE MAKING MACHINE v Filed Sept. 5. 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 J O ATTONEY Nov. 11 1924. 1,514,745

J. J. WAI-SER.

STEREOTYPE PLATE MAKING MACHINE Filed septp. 1920 s sneets-sheet s jmd 57 zo@ zo? l zu 269d m YZZ I o g 22| mvENToR y; ww

Nov. 1.1, 1924.

1,514,745 J. J. wALsER STEREOTYPE PLATE MAKING MACHINE Filed Sept. 5, 1920 ff v 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 l lim msslmlmlwmm ATTORNEY Nm 11, 19.24. 1,514,745 J. J. WALSER STEREOTYPE PLATE MAKING MACHINE Filed Sept. 3, 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 NVENTOR $2 mw, WW;

ATTORNEY Filed Sept. 5. 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 Patented Nov. ll, 1924.

COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

STEREO TYPE-PLATE-MAKING MACHINE.

Application filed September To all whom) t may concern:

Be it known that I, JosnrH J. WALsnn, a citizen of the United btates, residing at Ann Arbor, in the county of vVashtenaw and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stereotype-V Flate-Making Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to machines for making and finishing stereotype printing plates and more particularly to a novel machine'for casting and finishing plates which is automatic in its operation, and having its various mechanisms automatically inter-related in their operation, and which possesses other features of novelty which are pointed out hereinafter.

Objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part hereinafter and in part will be obvious herefrom, or may be learned by practice with the invention, the same being realized and attained by means of instrumentalities and combinations pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention consistsy in the novel parts, constructions, arrangements, combinations and improvements herein shown and described.

The accompanying drawings, referred to Vherein and constituting a part hereof, illustrate one embodiment ofthe invention, and together with the description, serve to eX- plain the principles of the invention.

Of the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying the invention, and showing more or less diagrammatically some of the electrical controls,

Fig. 2 is an end elevation looking at Fig. 1 from the right;

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section on line 3 3 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4: is a transverse vertical section, taken on line 4 4.- of Fig. 1, lookingto the right;

Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section, likewise taken on line 1 -iof Fig. 1, and showing the same mechanism as Fig. 4, but in a different position; i

Fic'. 6 is a fragmentary. enlarged perspective view of a part kof the supporting and 3, 192e; serial Nofionassf moving mechanism for the hot metal pump. Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical sectionion line 7 7 of Fig. 1. ilooking in the direction of the arrows; l

Fig. 8 is a fragmentarytransverse vertical section on line 8 8 of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows; .n

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary, transversevertical section on line 9 9 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; i Fig. 10 is a greatly enlarged detail, partly diagrammatic, of the repeating control fo-r the plate casting mechanism;

Fig. 11 is aA section taken on line 11 11 ofFiglO; I y f. Fig. 12 is a fragmentary, horizontalysec tion, taken on line 12-12 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary, transverse vertical section taken on line 13 13 of Fig. 1: Figs. 14 and 15 are diagrammatic views showing the cooperation of the plate when leaving the casting position with one of the electrical controls for the plate casting mech.- anism: f

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary detail in section on line 1(3 16 of Fig. 1: y

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary horizontal section on line 17 17 of Fig. 7:

Fig. 18 is diagram of the electrical control system for the machine; and

Fig. 19 is a detail of a drive for the plate trimming saws;

Fig. 2O is aI fragmentary detail end elevation of the plate lifting mechanism y Fig. 21 is a side elevation corresponding to Fig. 20, looking thereat from the left.;` and Fig. 22 is a horizontal section on* lline es ea of Fig. 2i. f

The present invention, as embodied, comprises mechanisms operating automatically to cast a single'plate, or to cast successively a desired or predetermined number of duplicate pla-tes, from a single matrix, according to the setting of the machine, and which will finish either such 'single plate or such plue rality of platesin succession, the casting and finishing mechanisms, and cooperating devices, being inter-related to prevent colli# sions of plates, or crowding or choking of the machine. and will successively store the finished plates, readyto be removed to the printing press by an attendant. It will be understood that this preliminary general description of the main features of the invention is not restrictive, but is designed to give a v'f gener'al idea of the entire machine as embodied. Various features or mechanisms may be used apart from this present relation .Within vthe scope of the broader aspects of the invention.

More in detail, the machine will automatically move the plate casting members between casting position and plate discharging or forwarding position, and will pour the stereotype metal into the casting chamber.v The machine may be. set to cast either a single "plate or to automatically and successively cast a plurality of duplicate plates in succession, according to the setting of a control mechanism provided for this purpose.

The plates, whether single plates, that is, each different from the other, or a plurality of successive duplicate plates, are conveyed automatically to a finishing mechanism, and are nished and then are conveyed away in succession to a storage support. The finishing mechanism then automatically stops unless other plates are supplied in succession. from the casting mechanism.

The casting and finishing mechanisms are inter-related so that the finishing mechanism is called into operation by the presentation thereto of the first plate from the casting mechanism, and so that they will work automatically in cooperation with each other, and so that they will operate separately when the conditions or contingencies of plate production, handling` or finishing require it, as Will be explained more specifically hereinafter in describing the mechanism of the present embodiment.

More in detail, if for any reason a cast plate just after it is cast is not properly and punctually delivered from the casting mechanism and carried away by the conveyor which takes the plate to the finishing mechanism, the machine will be automatically stopped.

The machine is further oapacitated so that if the' 'finishing mechanism lags behind the casting mechanism, that is, if a plate is not finished before or at the time the casting mechanism is ready to deliver another plate, the` casting mechanism will be automatically stopped. If t-he finishing mechanism runs ahead of the casting mechanism, it will automatically stop when it has delivered its plate lto the storage station and will be automatically called into operation again as soon asv the casting mechanism delivers a plate toit.

If for any reason the finished plate is not" nism will also be stopped at the completion of its cycle of operation.

In all the above cases, any mechanism stopped by reason of the conditions or needs of any other mechanism, stops at the end of its cycle of operation, that is if the casting mechanism is automatically stopped from the finishing mechanism, it stops at the completion of the casting operation, and if the finishing.mechanism is stopped automatically by reason of the conditions of the casting mechanism or plate supply, it will finish a plate upon which it may be operating and will deliver it to the storage station.

The embodied machine as constructed comprises a horizontally disposed casting core, casting on both its sides, and making a half rotation to bring the plate from the casting to the delivery position and to present the opposite side at the casting mechanism. Cooperating with thecore in the casting operation,.is a concave member, located beneath the casting core, and reciprocating to and from it to cast the plate and then to provideclearanee While the core is rotating to take the plate to delivery position. An automatic hot metal supply cooperates with the foregoing to cast the plate by pouring in at one of the st 1aight edges.

A device settable by the attendant to cause the -machine to cast a single plate, or to cast in succession a plurality of duplicate plates, from the same matrix is provided.

At the delivery position mechanism is provided for lifting the east plate vertically clear of the casting core, and a reciprocating carrier slides the plate with its straight edges beneathvto the finishing mechanism. In conjunction with the conveyor is a stop mechanism, the operation of which is dependent upon the presence of absence of a plate going back with the conveyor to the finishing mechanism. rlhis conveyor operates only when the casting mechanism is operating, and if it misses the plate for any reason on its movement toward the finishing mechanism, it will act to stop the casting mechanism.

The finishing mechanism, as embodied, comprises rotating cutters for cutting off or trimming the straight edgesof the plate and a traveling knife for shavingr the arcuate ribs on the concave back of the plate. In connection therewith, devices are provided, controlled by the presence or absence of a plate at the finishing station, for preventing too early conveyance of a plate from the casting station, (that is, prior to the completion of the finishing of the preceding plate) and forstopping the casting mechanism upon the completion of the. casting` of a plate which might 'be in process of casting.

A reciprocating carrier operating in time with the yplate finishing mechanism carries the plate to the storage station, and is provided with devices, controlled by the presence or absence of a plate upon the carrier as it begins to move away from the `hnishing station, for stopping the finishing mechanism, if for any reason a plate is not removed therefrom. 1t will be recalled also that the presence of a plate so left behind in the finishing station will also stop the casting mechanism.

Other features of theinvention broadly, or of the present exemplary embodiment, will be additionally set forth in connection with the following detailed description of the present embodiment.

Referring now in detail to the embodi-y ment illustnted by way of example in the accompanyingy drawings (Figs 1, 2 and the plate casting mechanism comprises a rotatable casting core, and a cooperatingl reciprocable concave member. rlhe core makes a half revolution after each casting operation to bring the cast plate to delivery position, and the concave member moves back to give clearance for the rotating plate and for changing the matrix sheets, when desired. The casting core 1 is horizontally disposed, and is mounted on a shaft 2, journaled in the machine frame. The casting is done on the under side of core or cylinder 1, the core being then given a semi-rotation to bring the cast plate to the upper side of the core to a delivery position, while presenting the opposite side of the core or cylinder for the casting of a succeeding plate. n

The concave casting member 3 cooperatwith the cylinder 1 to form the casting chamber to cast the plate is slidable vertically in the machine frame toward and from the underside of thefcylinder 1. The concave member 3 moves upward toward the cylinder 1 to form the casting chamber, and after the plate is cast moves away therefrom to give clearance as stated, for the rotation of the core 1 with the cast plate on its way to the delivery position above the core, and to provide space for the changingl of the matrix when necessary. The concave member 3 has two pairs of arms 4 and 5, fixed thereto on the underside and at the outside, at each end thereof, these arms working, re spectively, in corresponding pairs of yguideways (3 and 7 in the machine frame. Suit-- able matrix clamps and edge stops are provided, which may be of any suitable or adequate form, but have been omitted from the present drawings, for the salie of c'learness. The mechanism for vertically reciprocating the concave member 3 to and fro, comprises a pair of arms 8 and 9, projecting downwardly from the bach of the member 3, and having in their lower ends, respectively, friction rollers 10 and 11. The rollers 10 and 11 bear, respectively, upon cams 12 and 13, tired on driving shaft 14, which shaft is journaled in the machine frame. As yshaft 14 rotates, the cams 12 and 13 impart to the yconcave casting member Sthe up and down reciprocating motion as described, with proper dwells at the top and bottom ofits path of movement,

This shaft 14, as embodied, and in accordance with certain features of the invention, serves as a common driving means for the plate casting mechanism and for the mechanism for conveying the cast plates from the casting position to the finishing station, a different `shaft and drive being provided herein for operating the finishing mechanism and for conveying the plates there from to the delivery station. This feature isv useful in connection with the interrelated automatic control of the casting and linishing mechanisms dependent upon the condition and progress of the work, as hereinafter more fully described.

Referring now to the embodied formof means for effecting and controlling the rotary movements of the casting core 1, that is, for holding it at the casting position to malte the cast, and for rotating it a half turn between the plate casting and plate delivery positions, and holding it at the latter position while the plate is being delivered, said means comprises a gear wheel 19 (Figs. 1,4 and 5) fixed on the shaft 2 of the core 1, and meshing therewith is a gear wheel 20,

which latter is supported on a stub shaftv journaled in the machine frame. Fixed on the outer face of the gear wheel 2O to rotate therewith is a cam wheel 21.

The cam wheel 21, as embodied, has formed in its exterior fiat face a series of four radially disposed,straight camk ways 22. Cooperating therewith and fixed on shaft 14 is an arm 23, providedvwith a cam roller 24, which roller during the rotation of shaft 14 is adapted to enter one of the cam ways 22, and thereby to in'ipart a quarter rotation to the cam wheel 2O for each revolution of shaft 14. The cam roller 24 then leaves the particular cam way 22, and on its next revolution the roller 24 enters the next acent cam way 22 to repeat the motion just described. Gear wheel 2O thus receives a quarter rotation with the cam wheel 21 for each rotation of the latter and of the shaft 14, and thereby imparts a half rotation to the gear wheel 19, (as the latter wheel is half the size of gear wheel and to the casting core 1, by reason of the statedy 7i# ratio between gear wheels 19 and 20.

As will be understood from the drawing, cam roller 24 enters the lower right hand cam way 22, when that eamway is in they l position shown in Fig. 5, as indicated by the arrow in said figure, and the roller leaves the camway when 1t has been moved to the position of the next adjacent cam way toy the left in Fig. 5, that is, after a quarter rotation of the cam disc 21. In Fig.y4 the the cam wheel 2l.

Vparts are shown midway of the movement cast, the cast plates being thus delivered at the topr of the core or cylinder l, successive platesbeing on opposite sides of the cylinder.

Means are provided for holding the core stationary for the periods of the plate casting and the plate delivery operations. And as embodied (Figs. l, e and 5), a plurality of rollers 25, preferably four in number, are rotatably mounted on the exterior face of Fixed on shaft 14:, in definite relation tothe arm 23, and preferably fixed thereto or integral therewith, is an arcuate plate 26, having formed therein a guideway 27 for the rollers 25, the guideway being concentric with the shaft le (Figs. l, l and 5). As the shaft le rotates to effect the movement of the core 1,*already described, and as cam roller 24C leaves the cam way 22, one of the rollers 25 enters the forward end of guideway 27, a second roller entering the guideway at a later point in the movement.l The entire mechanism just described, including the cast-ing core l, is thus held in fixed position while these two rollers 25 (see Fig. 5) pass through lthe guideway 27. The last of the two rollers 25 leaves the guideway 27 at the completion ofthe casting of'a plate, and the cam roller 24 again engages a cam way 22 to effectthe rotation of the core l with the newly cast plate to the delivery position.

The embodied form of means for supplying hot metal to the casting chamber (Figs. l, 2 and 6) is automatically operated by the machine itself. As embodied7 a pump and a delivery spout therefor are provided,

which move to and from casting position, and which are actuated to pump the hot metal intimed relation with the other casting devices. As embodied, a hot metal reservoir is provided, within which a pump 3l is suspended by upwardly extending arms 32'and 33 (Figs. 1,2 and 6). Arms 32 and 33are provided with laterally extending guides 34 and 35, which work in corresponding guideways formed in arms 36 and 37, which arms are supported upon andfproject from a part 38 of the machine frame. As the arms 32 and 33 reciprocate in their guideways, the pump 30 and its delivery spout 39 move to and fro, the mouth of the spout coming to casting position at the vproper time, remaining to deliver the hot metal into the casting chamber, Vand thereafter receding to give clearance for the operation of the casting mechanism, including the rotation of the core l, between castingfand delivery positions.

The embodied form of means for imparting thesemovements to the pump and itsy spout (Figs. l, 2 and 6) comprisesa cam 40, fixed on shaft le, and having therein a' cam groove el. A rod 4t2 has a yoke 43 straddling the shaft 14, and mounted on rod 42 is a cam roller 44, working in thecam groove el. At its opposite end, rod 4t2 is pivotally connected to an arm l5 (Figs. 2 and 6), fixed on a shaft 46, which shaft is journaled in brackets 47 and 43, formed on the machine frame, and also in the supporting guide arms 36and 3T, already described. Fixed on shaft i6 is a pair of arms i9 and 56, which are pivoted, respectively, to the pump supporting arms 32 and 33.y Thus, as cam. rotates, rod 42 is reciprocated, shaft Li6 is rocked, thereby moving or sliding arms 32 and 33 in their respective guideways, and imparting to pump 31 and its'. spout 39 the movements to and from the casting position already described.

Referring now more especially to the automatic or machine operated means for pumping the hotmetal (Figs. 2 and 16) a lever 52 is pivoted at 53 upon the machine frame. Carriedby lever 52 is a. cam roller 54, which worlrs ina. cam groove 55 formed in a cam 56, fixed on the shaft lt. At` the opposite end 57 thereof lever 52 is pivoted to a connecting rod 53, and rod 53 at its'opposite end 59 is pivoted to a lever 60. Lever 60 is pivotally supported at 6l upon the machine frame, and at its opposite end 62, is pivotally connected to a rod 63. Rod 63 at its opposite end is pivotally connected to the plunger rod 64 of the pump 3l. Thus on the rotation of the shaft 14, and in proper timed relation with the other casting devices, cam 56 operates lever 52 to 'operate pump 3l and deliver the cast metal'for yplate into the casting chamber.

Referring now to the embodied form of removing or lifting means for delivering the cast stereotype platey from the core l (Figs. l, 2 and 3), a stop 65 is provided on the machine frame, against which the forward straight edge of the cast plate engagesl as it rotates with t-he core l (in clockwise direction in Figs. l, 2 and 3) in coming from the plate casting position to the plate finishing position. 0n the opposite side of the core l is provided a vertically reciprocable plate lifter 66, adapted to enga-ge with the other straight edge of the cast plate, and having vertical movement to lift the yplate away from the core, preparatory to engage.- ment of the pla-te by the conveying means which carries it to the plate finishing mechanism.

The lifter 66 is mounted in guideways 67 in the machine frame to have vertical reciprocation. In the embodied form of actuating means for the'plate lifter 66, there is pivoted to the plate lifter at 68 a. rod 69, which rod at its other end 70 is pivoted to a lever 71, which lever is journaled on ashaft 72 mounted in the machine frame. .Pi-voted to the lever 71 at its other end 7 3, is a rod 74, which rod pivoted at its other end 75, to a bent lever 76, the lever 76 being' journaled on the shaft 77, which shaft is mounted in the machine frame.y At its other end. lever 76 is provided with a cam roller 78, and this cam roller cooperates with a cam 79, which is fixed on the shaft 14:. `When the forward straight edge ofthe cast plate engages with the fixed stop 65, lever 66 is behind, or comes up behind the other stra-ight edge of the cast plate, and the plate is then moved upwardly by the mechanism just described, and is thereby lifted from core 1 int-o position to be conveyed away by the. conveyor 85 to the trimming station, this position being shown in Fig.` Referring now to the embodied form of means for conveying the plate between the position just described and the trin'uning station or mechanism, a conveyor 85 is fixed on one end of a long, horizontally disposed bar 86 (Figs. 1, 2, 1-, 5 and 7). The opposite sides of the conveyor or pusher 85 rest upon, lit about and are slidable along horizontally disposed guides 88 and 811, mounted on the machine frame. The reciprocating bar 86 is mounted in a guideway 87, located at the top of the frame of the trimming station (Figs. 1, ,2, 3 and 7). Guideway 87 consists of two parallel side members 88 and 89 conformed to fit the shape of the reciprocating bar 86, which is that of an inverted T.

ln the embodied form of reciprocating means for bar 86, the upper part of the bar projects through the guideway 87, between the members 88 and 89, and is provided with a toothed rack or straight gear 90. 'Meshing with the rack bar 90 is a' gear wheel 91, fixed ona shaft 92, which shaft is j ournaled in ar bearing 93, fixed on. the machine frame. Fixed also on shaft 92 is a gear, pinion 94, with which meshes a toothed rac-lr or straight gear 'formed on a reciprocating bar 95 (Figs. 1, 2,3, 7 and 17). Bar 95 is held to pinion 911'by a guideway formed in a bracket 96 supported on shaft- 92. I

. The embodied form of means for reciprocating rack bar 95, comprises a cranlrarm 98, to which the lower end of rack bar 95 is pivotally connected. The rack bar is thus reciprocated as the crank rotates. Crank arm 98 is fixed to a"y shaft 99 (Figs. 1 and 7) suitably liournaled in the machine frame. Fi Xed to shaft 99 is a beveled gear wheel 102, which meshes with a beveled gear wheel 103, fixed on shaft 14, thusas the crank arm 98 is rot-ated, rack bar 95 reciprooates to and fro, and through pinon 911 and gear wheel 91, reciprocates rod 86. Pusher 85 is thereby traveled. t0 the right Fig. 1, and thereafter theflifting mechanism lifts the plate in front of the conveying pusher. On the reverse movement of the conveying `mechanism, the cast plate is .moved to the left by the pusher 85 toward and into the plate trimming mechanism, the end of the travel of the conveying mechanism positioning the plate for trimming within the trimming mechanism. A support 100 is provided fitting within the plate, and carrying and guiding it during this travel.

Means are provided by the invention for causing the machine either to automatically cast a single plate from a matrix andthen to automatically stop for a change of matrix, or, when so desired, to automatically cast in succession a desiredand predetermined number of duplicate plates from the same matrix. Said mechanism comprises a plate counting mechanism and in connection therewith settable means for determining or indicating the number of duplicate plates desired, that is, means which maybe set by the operator to automatically produce the desired number of duplicate plates, and in connection therewith means for controlling the operation of the machine, including the casting mechanism and the finishing mechanism, whereby ythe machine is entirely automatic after it has been set by the attendant for the desired number of duplicate plates from a single matrix.

As embodied (Figs. 1, 10, 11 and18) the device is shown partly diagrammatically in Fig. 1, and in Fig. 18 it is similarly sho-wn in connection with the control circuits. The eX- emplified form of Fig. 10 comprises: an annular dial 105, supportedupon the machine frame, and being circularly divided into spaces marked with numbers 106, which numbers represent duplicate cast plates. Mounted concentrically with dial is a shaft 107, supported by` the machine frame, and journaled upon shaft 107 is a wheel 108, having ratchet teeth 109 formed on its edge. A detent lever 110 is pivoted at 11.1 upon-the machine frame, and has a detent roller 112 cooperating with the teeth 109, the detent being pressed between the teeth by a spring 113.

f In the wheel 108 is formed an annular series of spaced apart holes 114, corresponding in number and relative position to the numbers on the dial 105. Sleeved on the hub of wheel 108 is a lever 115,'to which lever is pivoted a pawl 116, which is yieldingly. held to the teeth 109 of ratchet wheel 108`by a spring 117. Lever 115 is yieldingly impelled by a spring 118 against a stop 119 fixed on the machine frame.

f Lever 115 is arranged so that it is actuated upon each casting of a plate, so as to advance or rotate ratchet wheel 108 with reference to theffiXed dial 105 the distance of one tooth, corresponding to gne plate indicat CII ingnumber von the dial. Thus the mechanism serves to count the plates as cast and to automatically stop the casting. after the predetermined number of plates. have been cast. Inthe embodied form of such actuating means, and as shown in Figs. 1 and 10, more orless diagrammatically, the concave member 3 of the casting mechanism, as it moves down after casting a plate, engages the lever 115, andpushes it down the distance of one notch or tooth 109 on the "ratchet wheel, the detent roller 112 jumping one tooth, and holding the ratchet wheel 108 in the new position.

Mounted also on shaft 107 is a lever 120, provided with a circuit making and breaking device or switch 121, operating between circuit terminals 122 and 123 to make and break the circuit to control the operation of the casting mechanism. The circuit connections'are'shown infFig. 18. Lever 120 is yieldably held to circuit closing position by aspring 124. A-pin 125 is adapted to be settably positioned with respect to the plate counting mechanism, that is, when the mechanism is: in initial position, the pink 125 may ber inserted" inV any! ofthe holes 114, corresponding to the desired number of successive duplicate plate, as for instance, if nine duplicate plates are desired, pin 125 would be placed in the hole 114 opposite the number 9 on the dial 5. As each plate is cast, lever 115 is actuated so that pawl 116 feeds forward ratchet wheel 108 one tooth, and pin 125 is thereby advanced one step nearer to leverV 120. When the ninth plate is cast pin 125 will engage lever 120 and will'open the circuit at terminals 122 and 123 and stop the operation of the casting mechanism.

In theI embodied form of means for castingv only a single plate from a'matrix, then automatically stopping the machine for a change of matrix, lever 115 is' provided with a projectiony 126, which is internally apertured, and in alinement therewith is a similar aperture 127 in lever 120. Pin 125 is inserted in aperture 127, and its point will project into the aperture in the part 126 of lever 115. Thus when the first lplate is cast, or rather on the completion of the cast, when lever 115 is actuated, lever 120 by reason of the pin 125 locking them together, is actuated and the controlling circuit is opened at terminals'122 and 123 stop-ping the machine after the casting of a single plate.

The shaft 14 is driven in any suitable manner, andas embodied (Figs. 1 and 7') a .worm wheel 130 is'fixed tothe shaft and meshing therewith is a worm 131, fixed on ya shaft 132, which shaft is journaled in suitable bearings 133 in the machine frame. Fixe-d on shaft i132 is a gear wheel 134, with which meshes a pinion 135, fixed on the shaft-136of a motor-137.y This motor is lcontrolledy by the circuits shown in 18 and the manner of operation of these controlling circuits willbe later described.

in accordance with one feature of the invention, the casting mechanism and the conveying means therefrom are operated by one controlled drive, and the finishing mechanism and the conveyor therefrom is operated by a separately controlled drive. As embodied, the casting mechanism and the conveyor for the cast plate-s therefrom to the finishing mechanism are operated-from shaft 14 and motor 137 as described. ln the present embodiment,'the finishing mechanism and the conveyor therefrom are driven from a separate shaft and by a separate motor, the inter-related control of one mechanism by another being effected and secured through the electrical circuits and the controls therefor shown in Fig. 18, as will be later described.

So far as concerns many features of the invention, the plate trimming or finishing mechanism may be of any desired or suitable form. As herein exemplarily embodied (Figs. 1, 7 and 12), non-traveling rotary cutters or saws cut the risers or waste portions oif from the two straight edges of the plate as it is advanced past the cutters, and a rotating knife moves along and shaves the internal ribs of the plate.

The rotary cutters or saws 145 and 146 are located just in front of the place where the plate comes to rest within the finishing station, where the internal ribs are shaved. The cutters 145 and 146 are horizontally disposed, and are mounted, respectively, on shaft 147 and 148, said shafts carrying also bevel gears 149 and 150 by which the saws are rotated. A shaft 151is transversely arranged and is journaled at 152 and 153 in the machine frame, and fixed thereto are two bevel gear wheels 154 and 155, which mesh, respectively with bevel gears 149 and 150 to drive the cutters. Shaft 151 is driven in a suitable manner, and as shown in Figs. 1 and. 7 it is driven from shaft 132, while in Fig. 19 it is shown driven from shaft 175, which drives the remainder of the finishing mechanism. Shaft 151, in Figs. 1 and 7, hasA fixed thereto a sprocket wheel 158, over which runs a sprocket chain 159, which chain also runs over a sprocket wheel 160, fixed yon shaftl 132, which is driven by motor 137. An idler 161 acts to keep the sprocket chain in tension.' Thus, as the plate yis carried forward by the conveyor. pusher 85, it is fed past the cutters 145 and 146, and the straight edges are trimmed, the .plat-e then passing on and coming to rest within tno finishing station to have the ribs shaved.

The embodied form of rib shaving mechanismv (Figs. 1, 7'and 12) comprises a knife 163, mounted on an arm 164, which is fixed to a shaft 165, journale'd in the machine lll frame. Fixed on shaft is a gear wheel 166, with which meshes a' gear wheel 167, carried by a stub shaft 168, mounted on the machine. frame. Meshing with gear wheel 167 is a gear wheel 169, which is fixed on shaft 170, which in this embodiment the driving shaft for the finishing mechanism. rllhrough the mechanism just described, sha-ft 165 and cutter or shaver 163 are given one rot-ation for each plate brought to the iinishing mechanism, and the ribs of the plate are thereby shaved.

The driving mechanism for shaft 170, yas embodied, comprises a worm wheel 173 fixed to the shaft, and in mesh therewith is a worm 174. Worm 174 is iixed on a shaft 175, journaled in bearings 176 on the machine frame. Fixed on shaft is a gear wheel 178, with which meshes a pinion 17 9, fixed on the shaft of a motor 180. rihis motor is under the control of the circuits and mechanism shown in Fig18, and operate-s in the manner. hereinafter described to bring about the automatic inter-relation between the casting mechanism, the finishing ymecha.- nism and other cooperating parts of the machine.

The finishing station comprises an interiorly arch-shaped frame 182 within which the cast plate is clamped for shaving the ribs. For this purpose, asembodied, two pairs of clamps 183 and 184, and 185 and 186 engagethe straight edges of the plate and press it into the arch during the Vrevolution of the knife.` Clamping fingers 183 and 184 are fixed to a shaft 189journaled at and 191 in the machine frame, and operating, respectively, sliding fingers 187 and 18,8, mounted in guides on the frame, and engaging and clamping the plate. The other set of clamping lingers 185 and 186 which engage slidable lingers 192 and 193, like fingers 187 and *1.88, already described, are fixed to a shaft 194, which is journaled in thev machine frame at `and 196. Fixed to shaft 189 is a geared sector 197, and xcd to shaft 194 isa geared sector 198, the teeth of the two sectors .intcrmeshing Pivoted to clamping linger 185 is a. connectingrod 200, thisl rod at its opposite end having a yoke 201, which straddles shaft 170. On rod 200 is a cam roller 202, which cooperates with a cam 203, fixed on shaft 170. By this mechanism, the clamps engage the straightV edges of the plate ai and clampr it forvtrimming and then release it for delivery after the trimming operation is completed.

Means are provided for conveying the 1inished plate to a storing station, and as embodied 1, 13, 14 and 15) a long bar 205 is mounted in a guideway 206 formed in a saddle 207, which constitutes a cooling station and the storage support from `which the plates are taken preparatory to being placed upon the press. Bar 205 is formed with gear teeth or rack teeth 208 on its lower side, and meshing therewith is a gear wheel 299, fixed on a shaft 210, which is journaled in the machine frame at 211 and 212. Fixed also on shaft 219 is a gear pinion 213, and meshing with the pinion is a geared sector 214, fixed on a shaft 215, which is journaled at 216 and 217 in the machine frame.k Fixed to shaft 214 is an arm 218, to which is pivotally connected a rod 219,'which rod at its other end is pivotally connected to an arm 220. Arm is iixed to a shaft 221,'journaled at 222 in the machine frame. l*1 ixed to shaft 221y is a beveled gear wheel 223,'and meshing` therewith is a beveled gear wheel 224, which is fixed on the main driving shaft y170 of the finishing end of the machine. n

Suitable plate engaging and carrying means are mounted on the reciprocating bar 205, and as embodied, a saddle 226 is iixed thereto, and pivotally mounted thereon isa plate engaging hook 227, adapted to take behind the rear end of the plate and to hold it upon the saddle during the return movement thereof from the finishing station to the storage station. When the finishing operation is completed on the plate anthe hook 227 is in the position with respect to the plate m shown in Fig. 14, and as clamping lingers 187, 188 and 192, 193 release the A plate, it drops to the position shown in Fig. 15, rests upon the saddle 226 with the hook 227 behind it', and is conveyed to the storage station. On the next advance movement of the conveyor mechanism toward the finishing station, the plate is left behind at the storage station, the plates being thus stored one after another, as shown in Fig. 1, and they are later removed, as desired or necessary, by the attendant, preparatory to being placed on the press. n

ln the embodied form of means for controlling the machine automatically in case of the failure of the first conveyor to remove a cast plate from the delivery position of the casting mechanism, suitable means are provided forfbringing the casting mechanism to astand still, and as embodied, a lever 230 ispivotally mounted in suitable position upon the conveyor 85 1 and 18) and has on one end thereof a switchoperating hook 231. rlhis hookv 231 is adapted to cooperate with a switch 232 in case the conveyor fails to take the plate, the switch being` held closed by a spring 237. The hook is held in switch operating position by a spring and the tail 236, of the lever' 230 is shaped and positioned to engage the plate .r when taken by the conveyor.V the lever 239 being thereby moved out of the switch-operating position. The switch 232, which cooperates with the lever 230 opens and closes the circuit at the terminals 234 and 235, as will be later described in connection ywith Fig. 18, lf no plate is taken, the

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spring 288 holds the lever 280 in position to open switch 292, but if a plate is taken from casting position, the plate so taken throws lever 280 to non-engaging position with respect to switch 282.

The switches, switch engaging devices, and other cooperating parts of the various controls are shown more or less diagrammatically for the sake of clearness and ease of reading in the drawings, but it will be understood that in the commercial machines these devices will be incorporated in the mechanism in the most convenient manner for practical operation. l

Referring now to the embodied form of means for, securing coordination and cooperation between the casting mechanism and the finishing mechanism (Figs. 1 and 18), a switch 288, has terminals 239 and 240, in circuit as shown in Fig. 18. This switch 238 is mounted on a lever 241, pivotally mounted at 242, and having its tail 243 positioned so that the switch 288 is closed by a plate fr coming into the finishing station f from the casting mechanism. Thus upon the arrival of a plate at the finishing station, this switch starts motor 180. which drives the finishing mechanism, as will be more fully described in connection with Fig. 18.

Means are provided for maintaining the finishing end of the machine in operation after a finished plate has left the finishing station, and has passed out of operative relation with switch 238, irrespective of whether a succeeding plate has come into the finishing station from the casting mechanism, so that the finishing end of the machine will in any event continue in operation until the first-mentioned plate is stored at the delivery station, that is, so that the finishing mechanism will not stop before the completion of its cycle of operation. In the embodied form of such means (Figs. 1 and 18) a switch 246, having terminals 247 and 248 (shown also in 18 in their circuit relations), is mounted on a lever 249, pivoted at 250, and having its tail equipped with a plate contacter 251, whereby the switch 246 is held closed until the plate is stored at the delivery station. A spring holds switch 246 normally closed.

It will be recalled that the arrival of a platem at the finishing station operated switch 238 to close it and start the finishing end of the machine. As the plate x passes from the finishing station it passes out of contact with switch 238, butin the mean-` time has passed into engagement with switch 246. These two switches are arranged in circuit in parallel, and notwithstanding that switch 238 is opened by the leaving plate m, the finishing mechanism is kept in operation by the plate o@ having already closed switch 246. When the plate m reaches storage position, where it comes to rest, it passes out of contact with switch 246 and the finishing and delivery mechanism comes4 to rest unless in the meantime a new plate has come from the casting mechanism into the finishing mechanism. 1n such case, the finishing and delivering mechanism continues in operation, notwithstanding that switch 246 has opened, as the newly arrived plate has closed switch 238, which keeps the finishing end of the machine going. The parts are also so positioned that the shaving knife is in position to begin operation on a succeeding plate when switch 246 stops the finishing mechanism.

Means are provided for preventing the feeding into the finishing' mechanism of aV second plate from the casting mechanism before a preceding plate has passed out of the finishing mechanism. 1n the embodied form thereof (Figs. 1 and 18), a switch 255, having terminals 256 and 257 in circuit as shown in Fig. 18, is mounted on the leverl 241, which as already described, carries switch 288. The mechanism is arranged so that when switch 238 is closed, switch 255 is open, and vice versa. A. spring normally. holds switch 255 closed and 238 open. In front of the finishing mechanism, so as to come into operative relation with a plate approaching the finishing station from the casting mechanism, by means of conveyor 85, is placed a switch 259, having terminals 260 and 261, in circuit as shown in Fig. 18. Switch 259 is mounted on a pivoted lever 263, the tail of which has a roller264, adapted to Contact with a passing stereotypel plate to open the switch, the switch being` held closed by a spring in the absence of a plate.

A plate in the finishing station holds switch 255 open but switch 259, in circuit in parallel therewith, is normally closed, and thus maintains the casting mechanism in operation.

However, if there is a plate at the finishing station maintaining the switch 255 open, and

ra succeeding plate is forwarded by conveyor 85 from the casting mechanism, such succeeding plate will open switch 259, and both switches 255 and 259 being open, the casting mechanismV will be brought to rest at the end of its cycle of operations, that is, upon the completion of the casting operation. When the plate' at the finishing station is completed, it will be conveyed away to the delivery station in the manner already described, and switch 255 will be closed by the finished plate passing out of contact therewith on its way to the delivery station. This will automatically start the casting mechanism again into opera-tion, notwithstanding that switch 259 is held open by the plate therebeneath. This will also start conveyor 85, and the plate beneath switch 259 will pass into the finishing mechanism and switch 259 will close.

If there is no plate at the nishing station as a succeeding plate is brought thereto by the conveyor 85, the casting mecha.- nism will continue in operation, for while switch 259 will be opened by the passing plate, switch 255 in parallel therewith, will remain closed, and will maintain the casting machine in operation. Upon the arrival of the plate in the finishing station, it will open switch 255 but in the meantime ithas passed on from engagement with switch 259, which has closed, and thus will maintain the casting machine in operation.

Means are provided for stopping the finishing mechanism in case the delivery conveyor fails to remove a plate from the iinishing station to the storage station. As embodied (Figs. 1, 14, 15 and 18) a switch 267 has terminals 265 and 266 in circuit as shown in Fig. 18, the switch being mounted on a pivoted lever 268, which is acted on by a spring 269, tending to keep the switch in circuit closing position.

Mounted on the conveyor 226, operating between the plate finishing and plate storing station, is a lever 272 (Figs. 1, 8, 14, 15 and 18) operated by the presence or absenceof a plate on the conveyor 226, to correspondingly control switch 267. Lever 272 is pivoted at 278 on plate saddle 226, with its end 27 4; in position to be moved downwardly by a plate coming to rest on saddle 226, as clamping arms 187, 188 and 189, 190 lower it downwardly at the close of the finishing operation. Vhe-n the plate a so comes to rest on the conveyor saddle 226, preparatory to its conveyance away to storage, it swings lever 272 into inoperative position with respect to switch 267. lf, however, no plate is taken'b-y conveyor 226, the tail 275 of lever 272 remains in position to engage switch 267, which is thereby moved to open circuit position and stops the finishing mechanism.

If the foregoing action is due to no plate being at the finishing station, the forwarding of a subsequent plate from thev casting mechanism will control the circuits to start the finishing mechanism again into operation.

Referring now to F ig. 18, which shows a system or arrangement of circuitsffor the automatic control devices already described, the circuit terminals, switches and actuating means therefor, are shown in Fig. 1; and in connection therewith, and in accordance with one feature of the invention, a system of apparatus for hand control is prow'ded in conjunction with the automatic controls already referred to. y

In such embodied form of the control mechanism the motor `137, ywhich operates the casting end of the machine, that is, the castin mechanism and the conveyor therefrom, 1n the present embodiment thereof, has

its power circuit 290 controlled by a self starter7 291. This self starter may be of any standard or adequate design or form of electrical equipment, and controls the power circuit 29() or current supply of motor 187 in accordance as it itself is controlled through its pilot or controlling circuit from the automatic and manually operated controls, as eXe-mplarily shown in Fig. 18.

Wires 292 represent the power circuit or current supply circuit for the motor 180, which in this embodiment operates the finishing end of the machine, that is, the iinishing mechanism and the conveyor therefrom, as already described. The power circuit 292 is controlled by a self starter77 298, which like 291, may be standard electrical equipment operating in the usual manner, that is, turning on and oft' the power from circuit 292, and the self starter 2933 is also controlled either from the automatic devices or the manually operated devices of its pilot or controlling circuit.

The automatic devices for controlling the machine, which devices are operated by the presence or absence of a plate, shown in Fig. 18, have already been described in conA nection with their locat-ionand cooperation in the machine, and a comparison of Figs. 1 and 18 will make clear theirrelation to the mechanism of the present embodiment.

Referring now to the embodied formof controlling or pilot circuits for the self starters or controls for the power circuits for the driving motors, the positive line may be taken as 294, the circuit therefrom branching to the self starters 291 and 298, and to the switches for the manual control, at 295. Wire 296 branches at 297 and passes thro-ugh two relay switches 298 and 299. which switches open and close the circuit from the supply line to the self starters, these relay switches being controlled from the manually operated switch board.

Relay switch 298 controls self starter 291, which in turn controls the driving motor-137 for the casting end of the machine, the circuit however passing through certain of the automatic controls already described. In this connection through the automatic controis, relay switch 298 has its terminal 300 connected by wire 801 to switch 232, which it will be recalled controls the circuit to stopthe casting mechanism in case the conl cooperation` of these switches has already Relay switch 299 (which controls the finishing mechanism) has a termii 399 connecting to circuit wire 310 which also passes through certain ot the automatic, plate actuated controls already described. .n theseconnections, circuit 310 leads to switch 267, the operation and cooperation ot which has likewise already been described. At 311 the circuit branches into wire-s 3'1'2 and' 313. In the branch 312 is switch 241, and in branch 313 is the switch 2&6, these switches thus being in parallel, and the circuit is only broken when both these switches are simultaneously opened. The circuit branches 31.2 and 313 unitev at 314C and pass through wire 315 to the self starter 293, which it will be recalled controls the motor 180. The manner ot operation and cooperation of all these switches has been previously7 fully described and need not be repeated at this point.

The manually operated switchgboards 'tor controlling the machine in conjunction with the automatic controls just described operate by controlling the respective relay switches 293 and 299. As embodied, from the branchingfpoint 295, a circuit wire 318 passes in series throughy two Stop and Safe and Run buttons or switches. ,Having two control stations is merely a matter of convenience, as there could be either a singlel station or a plurality ot them. as desired. These Stop and Safe and Run switchesare Vso placed in thecircuit as to control the current tor lthe Start button or switch. .f

When either of the i3-aie buttons is pushed, the relay controlling circuits are both open and dead` and the circuits to the self starter 291 and 293 through the various described automatic controls are also dead, and the machine will not run while either of the Safe switches is open. Thiscircuit condition remains until the corresponding Run buttonis pushed, whenthefcircuit is closed at this point and the machine will operate subject to the Various manual and automatic controls at later points in the circuit. It either of the Stop buttons or switches are operated, the entire machine .fill stop instantly, as this breaks the circuit through the holding coils 336 and 341, l/Vhen the Stop button is released, the machine not started again, tor the reason that the coils 336 and 341 do not pass enough current to close the open switches 293 and but serve to hold the Aswitches utter they are otherwise closed. The machine is started again by pressing the Start button which energizes the coils 323 and and therein.7 closes/theswitches 298 and 299. At 319 the. circuit,which is controlled. infthe manner already described, branches, one branch ing through a further manual control and thence tothe respectiveoperating coils .ot the relay switches 298 and 299, the other branch passing direct 'from 319 through the holding circuits 'for the holding coils olf the two relay switches.

F rom 319, the relay switch operating branch oli` the circuit passes ythrough a Start switch or button. rlhisi button is pressed to close the circuit to the operating relay coil through wire 320. rlhis circuit branches at 321, one branch passing by wire 332 to the' coil 323 for relay switch which controls the drivey for the casting mechanism. The circuit then passes troni the coil 323 through wire and'u'ire 335 to the negative wire 326.

From the point 321 ther other branch ot the circuit passes through a wire and thence through operating coil323ztor relay switch 299, which controls the circuit ot the self starter 293 for the finishing mechanism.

AFrom coil 328 the circuit: passes through wire 329 and at:330 connects tothe wire 325 and passes from thence to the negative line.

Thus when the S'aiie7 and Stopl7 buttons are in circuit closing positions, and the Starti7 button is pressed, both relay operating coils anc 328 are energized and close` respectively, the switches 298 and 299, and operate the. respective 'seli starters-291 and to start and maintain in (')peration'botl'i the motor 13'? Yoli the casting mechanism and motor 180 ofthe linishing mechanisn'i,l sul ject to .the various automatic controls interposed in the respective circuits betwe n the two relays and their corresponding starters. i' y Referring now to the holding' current 'tor relay switch 298, from the branch 319. a wire 335 passes to a `resistance coil, or like current reducing device 336, and: troni thencey through the relay operating coil 328 to the negative line bythe connections already described. By eason oiI lnedevice 335, the current applied through: this connection to the relay coil 323 is not sur'iicient to open ate switch lbut will hold it closed-after the relay coil has cl osedthe switch by cun rent through wire 327 'from the other branch of the circuit. l

Referring now to the holding'circuit tor the other relay 29,9. this-cooperates addition ally with the mechanism for counting and casting a desired number ot successive plates from a single matriz; For this purpose it passes through switch 121l on lerer (Figs. 10 and 18) ot' themechanism 'for counting the cast plates Vand controlling the making of duplicate plates, it 338 this circuit branches from ,wire and passes through wire 339 to switch 12].. yFrom thence it asses bywii'e 340 to resistance coil 341, an( from thence through the relay operating coil 323 to the negative line. By reason of theV resistance device only sufficient ycurrent y is furnished for holding the switch in closed position. Thus when switch 121 opens the circuit the holding` current is cutout from coil 323, and switch 298 automatically opens, and through self starter 291 stops motor 13? and thereby stops the casting mechanism. The closing of the switch 121 does not in itself start the machine orthe casting mechanism again. This permits the use of the inching buttons to any extent desired without permanently or continuously starting the machine into motion, which would be undesirable. After the switch 121-has opened to stop the machine upon the completion of the desired number of plates, when the ma'- triX has been changed and the machine is otherwise ready, it is'started by pressing the Start button.

It Will be noted also that when either the Safe or the Stop buttons are pressed, the holding current through coils and 341 for the relay coils and 328 is out olf, through the circuit already described, thereby permitting both the switches 298 and 299 to open. These switches remain open until the Run button and the Start button are pressed thereby directly energizing the closing coils 323 and 328. f

Means are also provided for manually op erating either or both the casting mechanism and the finishing mechanism independently of the automatic controls when desired. This is usually employed for inching the machine around for adjusting, positioning. or any other purpose. 151s embodied, these circuits are dependent upon, and are controlled by, the Stop and Safe buttons. The buttons marked ,Inch A are designed to impart the desired motion to the casting mechanism and are in parallel on branches of the circuit starting from 319 and leading into a wire 345, 'which leads directly to the self starter 291. Similar buttons or switches marked Inch B are in parallel in branches of the circuit beginning at 319 and leading into a wire 346 which connects directly to the self starter 293.

The manner of operation of the various automatic controls have been previously fully described, and the cooperation therewith of the various circuits and manual controls will be clear from the foregoing.

In Fig. 19 of the drawings, the cutters 145 and 146 are driven from the motor 180, thereby rendering all of thetrimming mechaism operable from that end of the machine should this be desired. lt will be clear that these cutters can be connected in either way so far as the operationv of the machine is concerned, but this arrangement puts all the drive for the finishing mechanismen the motor at that end of the machine. If de sired, the cutters 145 and 146 could he run from an independent motor. y

In Figs, 20, 21 and 22 are shown details of the plate lifter which is shown in a. general way in Fig. 1. The plate lifter 66, it will be recalled, reciprocates in the vertically dis posed guideways 6T. The lifter comprises the plate engaging member 370, a carrier 371 therefor which reciprocates in the guideways 67, the plate engaging member being movable on its carrier, first to permit the cast plate ai to pass it, and then to get on the under side of the straight edge of the plate .fr to lift it. rThe lifter also comprises means? or devices for eecting the described relative movements between the lifter and its carrier. As embodiechthe carrier 371 for the plate lifter proper 370 comprises a slide 372, mounted to reciprocate in the. two verti-1` cally disposed guides 67. which guides are mounted, as stated, on the machine framer This slide is shown as having two side arms 373 and 374, which slide in the guideways 6i", and a cross connecting piece 375, at the bottom end. This cross piece is provided with lugs 376 and 377, to which the actua-ting rod 69 is pivotally connected.

The plate lifter 370` is pivotally mounted at its lower end inthe carrier or slide 371 by means of a pin 380 (Figs. 21 and 22). The lifter proper 370, near the upper end of the side members 373 and 374 of the slide has at each side bearing lugs 381 and 382, which keep itin position within the slide.

lilounted on, the lifter 370, near the bottom end thereof, is a lug 383, internally apertured to receive a Vpin 384, which pin is pivotally mounted in a lug 385, liXedt-o the cross-piece 375 of the. slide. Goiled about pin 384 is' a spring 386, in compression between the two lugs 383 and 385, and impelling the lifter inwardly or to the right in Fig. 20.

Means are provided for holding the plate lifter 379 out, or to the left in Fig. 20, ywhile the cylinder' 1, with thekcast plate ai is rotating from casting position to plate delivering position. es embodied, a rod 388 projects from the side of the plate lifter 370, and it is provided with a cam roller 389.

Pivotally mounted on the machine frame is a switch cam 390, the cam being liaedlon a shaft 391, journaled in the machine frame at 392. 391, with one end thereof hired to the ma-y chine frame and the other end of the spring being fixed to a collar 394, iixed on shaft 391. The spring impels the switch cam into the position shown in full lines in Fig. 20.

ln theoperation of the device, as the plate i lifter 370 moves downwardly from the'full line position of Fig. 20, (after the platehas been conveyed away from the core 1),.'it

moves downwardly to the dotted vline posi- A spring is coiled about shaft 

